Indlela yokukhetha nokusebenzisa isembozo esingamelana nomlilo ezakhiweni zensimbi

Ezakhiweni zesakhiwo sensimbi, ukuvikela umlilo kuyimpoqo. Nakuba insimbi ngokwayo ingashi, amandla ayo ancipha ngokushesha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuholela ekuweni kwesakhiwo. Izinyathelo zokuvikela umlilo kumele zithathwe ezakhiweni zensimbi, futhi ukusebenzisa izembozo ezingashi kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu nezibalulekile zokufeza lokhu. Namuhla, sizokwethula indlela yokukhetha nokusebenzisa izembozo ezingashi umlilo ezakhiweni zensimbi.

Izembozo ezingashisi zezakhiwo zensimbi zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ze-intumescent kanye nezinhlobo ze-non-intumescent. Ngezansi isingeniso esifushane somehluko wazo:

Manje sesiyazi ulwazi lwabo kanye nomehluko wabo, ake ngikutshele ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani ingubo efanelekile yokuvikela umlilo: Ezindaweni zangaphakathi ezinezidingo eziphezulu zobuhle, njengezitolo ezinkulu, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, amahholo ombukiso, kanye namahholo okulinda esikhumulweni sezindiza, imishayo yensimbi namakholomu ayabonakala, futhi akudingi nje kuphela ukubukeka okuhle kodwa futhi nokusebenza okuhle kokuvikela umlilo, uma isikhathi sokuvimbela umlilo singaphansi kwamahora ama-2 (noma amahora ama-2.5), siphakamisa ukusebenzisa ingubo evikela umlilo engaphakathi. Ezakhiweni zensimbi ezilula kanye nezakhiwo zohlaka lwesikhala, siphakamisa futhi ukusebenzisa ingubo evikela umlilo engaphakathi, ngoba lezi zakhiwo zizwela kakhulu ekuthwaleni umthwalo, futhi isimo sokukhanya kwengubo engaphakathi kuyinzuzo ebalulekile.

Kumakholomu esakhiwo sensimbi aphezulu kanye nezingxenye ezithwala umthwalo, lapho ukuphepha kwesakhiwo kubaluleke kakhulu kunomphumela wokuhlobisa, kanye namaphrojekthi ezimboni asebenza kanzima noma amakhemikhali kagesi njengezitshalo zezimboni kanye nezikhungo zamakhemikhali kagesi ezinezidingo zokuvikela umlilo eziphakeme kakhulu, phakamisa ukukhetha izembozo ezingamelani nomlilo; ngezidingo zesikhathi sokuvimbela umlilo ≥3h; kanye nezakhiwo ezifihliwe kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi ezingagxili kakhulu ezicini zokuhlobisa, izembozo ezingamelani nomlilo ezingamelani nomlilo kufanele nazo zinikezwe kuqala.

Nakuba intengo yezingubo zokuvikela umlilo ezingaphakathi kwe-tumescent ibiza kakhulu, zidinga umthamo omncane futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa. Intengo yohlobo olungeyona i-intumescent ishibhile, kodwa izingubo zazo zijiyile, zidinga inani elikhulu endaweni ngayinye, ngakho-ke izindleko zezinto aziphansi ngempela. (Ubukhulu bezingubo zohlobo olungeyona i-intumescent akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-15mm, ngaphandle kwalokho, kunzima ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokusetshenziswa kanye nomphumela wokulwa nomlilo.)

Ngamafuphi, empeleni kuwukuhwebelana phakathi “kobuhle nokukhanya” kanye “nokumelana nomlilo nokuqina.” Uma iphrojekthi ingaphakathi futhi ubuhle buyinto eza kuqala, ukugqoka okungaphakathi kuyisinqumo sokuqala; nokho, uma kuhilela izingxenye ezibalulekile ezithwala umthwalo wezakhiwo zezimboni ezisindayo noma izakhiwo zensimbi eziphakeme, ukugqoka okungengaphansi kwe-intumescent, kanye nokuqina kwazo kanye nokumelana nomlilo okuphezulu, kuyisisekelo esithembeke kakhudlwana.

Ngemva kokukhetha ingubo efanele ukumelana nomlilo, ukwakhiwa okufanele kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zezeluleko zokwakha ezisebenzayo:

1) Ukwelashwa Komphezulu: Qinisekisa ukuthi umphezulu wensimbi uhlanzekile, womile, futhi awunawo ukugqwala noma ukungcola. Ukusebenzisa ungqimba lwe-primer yokulwa nokugqwala kungathuthukisa ukunamathela futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza okuphelele. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni isibopho esiqinile phakathi kwengubo evimbela umlilo kanye nesakhiwo sensimbi futhi akumelwe kushiywe.

2) Ubukhulu buyisibonakaliso esibalulekile: Izinga likazwelonke le-GB 14907-2018, elithi "Fire Resitive Coatings for Steel Structures", lichaza ngokusobala ukuthi ubukhulu bokumboza kwezingubo ezimelana nomlilo ezingaphakathi kwe-tumescent akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-1.5 mm, kanye nobukhulu bokumboza kwezingubo ezimelana nomlilo ezingaphakathi kwe-tumescent akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-15 mm. Lesi yimfuneko eyisisekelo yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokwakha kanye nomphumela wokuvimbela umlilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iziqondiso zomenzi mayelana nobukhulu bokumboza, isikhathi sokomisa, kanye nezimo zemvelo kufanele zilandelwe. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukumboza kufeza ukusebenza kwayo okulindelekile.

3) Ukulungiswa okuvamile: Hlola njalo indawo yokumboza ukuze ubone izimpawu zokuguguleka noma umonakalo. Lungisa noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha ukuze ugcine izinga lokumelana nomlilo.

Uma usebenzisa izembozo ezimelana nomlilo ezingaphakathi kwe-tumescent, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyahambisana futhi ziyahambisana nezembozo ezimelana nokugqwala kanye ne-topcoat; ngaphandle kwalokho, umphumela we-intumescent ungase ube sengozini, okungase kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwezembozo. Uchungechunge olujwayelekile lokusetshenziswa yilolu: i-primer yokulwa nokugqwala → i-anti-corrosion intermediate coat → i-intumescent fire resistant coat → i-topcoat yokulwa nokugqwala. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezembozo ezimelana nomlilo, sicela uxhumane ne-Forest Paint, umholi embonini.